# scipy.stats.alexandergovern

scipy.stats.alexandergovern(*samples, nan_policy='propagate')

  Performs the Alexander Govern test.

  The Alexander-Govern approximation tests the equality of k independent means in the face of heterogeneity of variance. The test is applied to samples from two or more groups, possibly with differing sizes.

  Parameters:
    sample1, sample2, …array_like

      The sample measurements for each group. There must be at least two samples.

    nan_policy{‘propagate’, ‘raise’, ‘omit’}, optional

      Defines how to handle when input contains nan. The following options are available (default is ‘propagate’):

      - ‘propagate’: returns nan

      - ‘raise’: throws an error

      - ‘omit’: performs the calculations ignoring nan values

  Returns:
    res AlexanderGovernResult

      An object with attributes:

      statisticfloat

        The computed A statistic of the test.

      pvaluefloat

        The associated p-value from the chi-squared distribution.

  Warns:
    `ConstantInputWarning`

      Raised if an input is a constant array. The statistic is not defined in this case, so `np.nan` is returned.

  See also

  `f_oneway`

    one-way ANOVA

  Notes

  The use of this test relies on several assumptions.

  1. The samples are independent.

  2. Each sample is from a normally distributed population.

  3. Unlike `f_oneway`, this test does not assume on homoscedasticity, instead relaxing the assumption of equal variances.

  Input samples must be finite, one dimensional, and with size greater than one.

  References

  [1]

  Alexander, Ralph A., and Diane M. Govern. “A New and Simpler Approximation for ANOVA under Variance Heterogeneity.” Journal of Educational Statistics, vol. 19, no. 2, 1994, pp. 91-101. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1165140. Accessed 12 Sept. 2020.

  Examples

      >>> from scipy.stats import alexandergovern

  Here are some data on annual percentage rate of interest charged on new car loans at nine of the largest banks in four American cities taken from the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s ANOVA dataset.

  We use `alexandergovern` to test the null hypothesis that all cities have the same mean APR against the alternative that the cities do not all have the same mean APR. We decide that a significance level of 5% is required to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative.

      >>> atlanta = [13.75, 13.75, 13.5, 13.5, 13.0, 13.0, 13.0, 12.75, 12.5]
      >>> chicago = [14.25, 13.0, 12.75, 12.5, 12.5, 12.4, 12.3, 11.9, 11.9]
      >>> houston = [14.0, 14.0, 13.51, 13.5, 13.5, 13.25, 13.0, 12.5, 12.5]
      >>> memphis = [15.0, 14.0, 13.75, 13.59, 13.25, 12.97, 12.5, 12.25,
      ...           11.89]
      >>> alexandergovern(atlanta, chicago, houston, memphis)
      AlexanderGovernResult(statistic=4.65087071883494,
                            pvalue=0.19922132490385214)

  The p-value is 0.1992, indicating a nearly 20% chance of observing such an extreme value of the test statistic under the null hypothesis. This exceeds 5%, so we do not reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative.